Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Composition of Trichilia Emetica Shell Oil
Keywords:
Transesterification, Fatty acid methyl esters, Retention time, Resonances, Triacylglycerol.Abstract
The formation of fatty acid methyl esters from Trichilia emetica shell oil by trans-esterification with methanol was monitored by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The percentage triacylglycerol conversion to its corresponding methyl esters was calculated to be 98 %. A total of five fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were identified in the oil sample by the retention time and the fragmentation pattern data of GC/MS analysis. The identified FAMEs were hexadecanoic (palmitic), octadecanoic (stearic), eicosanoic (arachidic), 9,12-octadecadienoic (linoleic) and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic (linolenic) acid methyl ester.
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[4]. Karmakar, A., Karmakar, S. and Mukherjee, S. Properties of various plants and animals feedstocks for biodiesel production. Bioresour. Technol. (101): 7201–10, 2010.
[5]. Sharma, C. Y., Singh, B. and Korstad, J. High yield and conversion of biodiesel from a nonedible feedstock (Pongamia pinnata). Journal of Agric. Food Chem. (58): 242–7, 2010.
[6]. Wang, Y., Ou, S.Y., Liu, P.Z. and Tang, S.Z. Comparison of two different processes to synthesize biodiesel by waste cooking oil. J. Mol. Catal. A. Chem. (252): 107-12, 2006.
[7]. Mazumdara, P., Borugadda, B.V., Goud, V.V. and Sahoo, L. Physico-chemical characteristics of Jatropha curcas L. of North East India for exploration of biodiesel. Biomass and Bioenergy. (46): 546-554, 2012.
[8]. Ghesti, F.G., Lemos de Macedo, J., Resck, S.I., Dias, A.J. and Dias, C.L.S. FT-Raman Spectroscopy Quantification of Biodiesel in a Progressive Soybean Oil Transesterification Reaction and Its Correlation with 1H NMR Spectroscopy Methods. Journal of Energy and Fuels. 5 (21): 2475-2480, 2007.
[9]. Ma, F., Hanna, M. Enhancing Biodiesel Production from Soybean Oil Using Ultrasonics. J. A. Bioresour. Technol. (70): 1-15, 1999.
[10]. Knothe, G., Gerpen, J.V. and Krahl, J. The Biodiesel Handbook; Eds.; American Oil Chemists’ Society Press: Champaign, IL, 2005.
[11]. Freedman, B., Pryde, E.H. and Mounts, T.L.J. 1984. Variables affecting the yields of fatty esters from transesterified vegetable oil. Journal of Am. Oil Chem. Soc. (61): 1638-1643, 1984.
[12]. Neto, P.R.C., Caro, M.S.B., Mazzuco, L.M. and Nascimento, M.G. Quantification of soybean oil ethanolysis with 1H NMR. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. (81): 1111-1114, 2004.
[13]. Orwa, C., Mutua, A., Kindt, R., J., R. and Simons, A. Trichilia emetica. Agroforestree database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0. Available at http://www.worldagroforestry.org/af/treedb/. [Accessed July 15, 2013].
[14]. Van der Vossen, H.A. and Mkamilo, G.S. Vegetable oils of tropical Africa, conclusion and recommendations based on PROTA 14: “Vegetable oils”. Available on: PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa/Resources vegetales de I’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands http://www.prota.co.ke/en/p. PROTA. 2007.
[15]. Grundy, I.M. and Campbell, B.M. Potential production and utilisation of oil from Trichilia SPP. (Meliaceae). J. Econ. Bot. (47): 148–153, 1993.
[16]. Fupi, P.C., Mork, W.K. Mafura Nut Oil and Meal?: Processing and Purification. JAOCS. (59): 94–98, 1982.
[17]. Simova, S., Ivanova, G., Spassov, S.L., 2003. Alternative NMR method for quantitative determination of acyl positional distribution in triacylglycerols and related compounds. J. Chem. Phys. Lipids. (126): 167–176, 2003.
[18]. Gelbard, G., Bres O., Vargas, M.R., Vielfaure, F. and Schuchardt, U.E. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance determination of the yield of the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol. JAOCS. (72): 1239-1241, 1995.
[19]. McLafferty, F.W. 1959. Mass spectrometric analysis and molecular rearrangement. J. Anal. Chem. (31): 82–87, 1959.
[20]. Christie, W.W. 2003. Lipid analysis, 3rd ed.Oily Press, Bridgwater UK.
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Published
2016-06-29
How to Cite
Usman, A., Itodo, A. U., Usman, N. L., & Haruna, M. (2016). Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Composition of Trichilia Emetica Shell Oil. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 21(1), 83–90. Retrieved from https://asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/1739
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