American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS)

Rift Volcanism and Rift Basin in Central Myanmar Basin

Hla Hla Aung — Sun, 05 Apr 2020 16:24:47 +0000

The Central Myanmar Basin is made up of Tertiary sedimentary rocks between the Rakhine Western Ranges in the west and Shan Plateau to the east. The basin consists of six sub-basins: Putao, Hukawng, Chindwin, Salin, Pyay and Ayeyawady Delta basin. This 1000 km× 200km tectonic strip in NNW-direction in Central Myanmar Basin is characterized by the presence of numerous ENE to northeast and east-west trending normal faults and north-south to NW-SE and NNW-SSE trending folds and thrusts. This arrangement of structures is indicative of an extensional stress in NNW-SSE direction and a compressional stress in ENE-WSW direction. Tensor solution of earthquakes which occurred in Central Myanmar Basin also indicates a dominant extensional stress direction oriented NNW-SSE. This NNW-SSE extensional direction appears to have favored the formation of rifts in ENE-WSW, NE-SW and E-W direction which were later emplaced with volcanic rocks. These volcanic rocks were derived from mantle material which risen into the several segments of rifts from underneath of the crust during rifting. Majority of these volcanic rocks are different types of basalt, andesite, dolerite, volcanic tuff, volcanic ash, lava flow and rhyolites. The studies of associated sedimentary rocks with the volcanic rocks indicate that extension and volcanic activity began in the north in Early Tertiary and migrated to the south from the Miocene to Quaternary. The Central Myanmar Basin and Central Andaman Basin record an active extensional process that varies laterally from continental rifting in the north in Central Myanmar Basin and sea-floor spreading in the south in Central Andaman Basin. The objective of this paper is to define regional volcanic differentiation pattern and their linear emplacement which are in accordance with regional tectonic stress field and to interpret them in term of tectonic deformation. Bimodal basalt-rhyolite suite with the presence of intermediate composition and compositional variations of volcanic rocks indicate that the volcanic rocks are formed by assimilation, fractional crystallization and the crustal components and magma mixing. Geochemical analyses of these volcanic rocks reveal that they are also enriched in the alkalis, high level of barium and strontium and light rare earth elements.

Associated host rocks of the volcanic material are sedimentary rocks of the Peguan Group (Oligocene-Miocene) and Irrawaddian Group (Pliocene-Pleistocene).

Unusual Presentation of the Intracranial Arachnoid Cysts Posing with Treatment Dilemma: A Case Series

Abhishek Chaturbedi, Jitendra Thakur — Tue, 07 Apr 2020 18:37:27 +0000

A case series comprising of 3 patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts presented with atypical features raising the doubt on the symptomatic nature of the cyst. It posed dilemma on the further management of these patients. In two patients, surgical intervention to decompress the arachnoid cyst was performed which drastically improved the patient’s symptoms. One patient with intracranial arachnoid cyst who has been conservatively managed persists to have symptoms.

Simulating Low-Level Laser Propagation From Skin Surface to Lumbar Disc, Knee, Femur and Prostate Gland By Monte Carlo Method

Trinh Tran Hong Duyen, Tran Anh Tu — Wed, 08 Apr 2020 17:13:57 +0000

Nowadays, the uses of laser and optics in the medical areas are extremely vivid, especially low-level laser therapy. The light with the wavelength of 633 nm to 1200 nm could penetrate and propagate deep in biological tissue. To develop the low-level laser therapy device, optimizing light delivery is critical to accurately stimulate the biological effects inside the biological tissue. Nevertheless, each form of the tissues at each zone on the body had various refractive optic, absorption, scattering, and anisotropy coefficients. This paper describes the simulation results of low-level laser propagation from skin surface at the lower spine, the knee, the femur and the prostate gland with four wavelengths (633 nm, 780 nm, 850 nm, and 940 nm) by the Monte Carlo method. These simulation results are the base for developing the low-level laser therapy device, that could be used in clinical for treating the fracture, knee osteoarthritis, spinal degeneration, and benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Routing of Electric Vehicles in a Stochastic Network with Non-recurrent Incidents

Mohammad Arani, Hamzeh Davarikia — Wed, 08 Apr 2020 17:28:07 +0000

An approach for mapping an electric vehicle (EV) driver’s travel time constraints and risk-taking behavior to real-time routing in a probabilistic, time-dependent (or stochastic) network is proposed in this paper. The proposed approach is based on a heuristic algorithm that finds the shortest path according to the driver’s preferences. Accounting for en-route delays and alternate routes, the EV routing problem in stochastic networks is shown to exhibit other than the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) property; i.e., the traveling time for those who depart earlier may not reach sooner of those who depart later or wait en-route in the charging stations. The proposed approach provides EV drivers the option to manage their trip and reach the destination on time, while by taking advantage of the non-FIFO characteristics of the traffic network, charge their cars en-route. The proposed routing algorithm is tested on a given stochastic transportation network. The best routes based on the driver’s preferences are identified while accounting for the best-planned delays at the charging stations or en-route.