Possible Solutions to the Challenges of Domestic Water Pricing for Mandalay City

Authors

  • Tin Nwe Nwe Htun
  • Nilar Aye

Keywords:

domestic water pricing, challenges, possible solutions, Mandalay City.

Abstract

This paper focuses on the possible solutions to the challenges of domestic water pricing in Mandalay City. The current water pricing of Mandalay City is necessary to reform as they cannot cover the operation and maintenance cost of the supply system and cannot expand the water network to the unconnected households. For reforming water pricing, the challenges of domestic water pricing for Mandalay City are identified as eight major challenges based on previous study. For reforming water price, questionnaire survey is done to 286 households from six townships of Mandalay City to know the willingness to pay (WTP) of consumers and price elasticity of domestic water demand is evaluated by using mid-point formula. To solve the challenges of water infrastructure deterioration, public-private- people-partnership (4P) is proposed as one of possible solutions for financial efficiency of the supply system. For reducing non-revenue water (NRW), field survey is done in Daewon ward of Mandalay City as a pilot area to investigate the causes of water losses and then possible solutions are proposed. The possible solutions for remaining six challenges are proposed by studying the secondary academic sources such as papers, journals, and books. In this paper, eight numbers of possible solutions are proposed for the challenges of domestic water pricing in Mandalay City.

References

Handbook for the Economic Analysis of Water Supply Projects. Guidelines, Handbooks and Manuals, ISBN: 971-561-220-2, Pub. Date:1999.

Ser Moe Yi, Kampanad Bhaktikul, Kobkaew Manomaipiboon and Thongplew Kongjun, “Assessment of Non-Revenue Water (NRW) Situation in Mandalay City: Response to the Management of Sustainable Water Supply System in Mandalay City”, Environment and Natural Resources Journal 2017; 15(2): 71-80

Burma Act IV, “THE UNDERGROUND WATER ACT”, 21st June 1930.

Mandalay City Development Committee, “Lecture on Water and Sanitation”, Advanced On-Job Training, January 2017.

Dale Whittington, “Municipal Water Pricing and Tariff Design: A Reform Agenda for Cities in Developing Countries”. Issue Brief 02-29, August 2002.

Farley M, Wyeth G, Ghazali ZBM, Istandar A, Singh S. The Manager’s Non-Revenue Water Handbook: A Guide to Understanding Water Losses. In: Dijk NV, Raksakulthai V, Kirkwood E. editors. United States of America: United States Agency for International Development (USAID); 2008.

Shao Liu, “Water Pricing towards Sustainability of Water Resources: A Case Study in Beijing”, M. Eng. thesis, LUND University Master’s Program in Environmental Science, Sweden, Nov.2000.

Letreut, H. et al., 2007. Historical Overview of Climate Change Science. In: S. Solomon et al. (Editors), Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.

“National Eater Resources Committe, “Myanmar National Water Policy”, February, 2014.

Ma Thwe Thwe Than, “Challenges to Industrial Water Pricing in Myanmar and Possible Solutions for the Case of Mandalay Region”, January, 2018.

Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko, “ Drinking Water Sector in Ghana”, Drivers for performance, July,2017.

Downloads

Published

2018-12-13

How to Cite

Htun, T. N. N., & Aye, N. (2018). Possible Solutions to the Challenges of Domestic Water Pricing for Mandalay City. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 50(1), 50–65. Retrieved from https://asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/4544

Issue

Section

Articles