Challenges to Industrial Water Pricing in Mandalay Region

Authors

  • Thwe Thwe Than Department of Civil Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
  • Aye Aye Thant Department of Civil Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, The Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Keywords:

Industrial water pricing, situational analysis, public water supply, main challenges, infrastructure in water supply.

Abstract

This paper focuses on major aspects for challenges of industrial water pricing in Mandalay. The situational analysis on water supply system in Mandalay was conducted by questionnaire survey based on literature. In Mandalay, it is categorized by three zones of water resources according to the depth of tube wells which can get enough volume of groundwater. At present condition, there are 12 booster pumping stations, two treatment plants and 33 tube wells for public water supply. However, public water supply does not cover the whole city and industrial water supply is still being lack. Most industries extract vast amount of groundwater and discharge contaminated water into the surface water sources. Infrastructure in water supply, public appreciation for the water value, public-private-partnerships, going green, climate change patterns and impacts, groundwater abstraction, groundwater regulations and industrial water tariff system are studied in Mandalay area. Based on this study, the main challenges concerned with industrial water pricing are identified for Mandalay area.

References

[1] Mandalay City Development Committee, “Lecture on Water and Sanitation”, Advanced On-Job Training, January 2017.
[2] Embassy of the Kingdom of The Netherlands, “Industrial & urban water in Myanmar”, 2016.
[3] National Water Resources Committee, “Myanmar National Water Policy”, February, 2014.
[4] Asian Development Bank, “Myanmar Urban Development and Water Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map”, August 2013.
[5] Kelvin Westerling, “The 13 Biggest Challenges Facing the Water Industry", AWWA reports on the ‘State of the Water Industry’, 2013.
[6] Water and Sanitation Program, “Trends in Private Sector Participation in the Indian Water Sector: A Critical Review”, Field Note, September 2011.
[7] Suresh Chand Aggarwal and Surender Kumar, “Industrial Water Demand in India: Challenges and Implications for Water Pricing”, India Infrastructure Report, 2011.
[8] Statistics Canada, “Industrial Water Use”, Catalogue no. 16-401-X, 2009.
[9] Olli Varis, Pertti Vakkilainen, “China’s 8 challenges to water resources management in the first quarter of the 21st Century”, Article in Geomorphology, November 2001.
[10] Arjen Y. Hoekstra, “Appreciation of water: four perspectives”, Water Policy 1 (1998) 605-622, 21 September 1999.
[11] Burma Act IV, “THE UNDERGROUND WATER ACT”, 21st June 1930.

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Published

2017-04-23

How to Cite

Than, T. T., & Thant, A. A. (2017). Challenges to Industrial Water Pricing in Mandalay Region. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 30(1), 357–371. Retrieved from https://asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/2897

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Articles