Hydroponics, Aeroponic and Aquaponic as Compared with Conventional Farming
Keywords:
hydroponics, Aeroponics, Aquaponics, Geoponics conventional farming, water scarcity, land problem.Abstract
Due to huge demand on water resources and subsequently food supply, many new trends in the farming innovative methods which include a complex agricultural production system have been evolved. Hydroponics is the art of soilless agriculture in which growing of plants in a soil less medium, or an aquatic based environment as aeroponics farming system. Hydroponic growing systems use mineral nutrient solutions to feed the plants in water of using soilless media. While Aquaponics is the integration of aquaculture and hydroponics. Many studies of commercial-scale hydroponic, aeroponics and aquaponics production showed the potential positives role for those new technologies in the sustainable food security. Those agricultural farming systems could be one sustainable alternative to provide different type of produces that it requires less water, less fertilizer and less space which will increase the yield per unit area. The main advantage of those modern cultivation systems is the conservation of water and less or no use of agrichemicals which are dangerous to the human body when applying and especially when eating in the food.
References
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[2] Walls M. “Agriculture and Environment. MTT Agrifood Research Finland”. [(Accessed on 1 December 2014)]. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/research/agriculture/scar/pdf/scar_foresight_environment_en.pdf.
[3] Kläring H.-P., Strategies to control water and nutrient supplies to greenhouse crops. A review, Agronomie, EDP Sciences, 2001, 21 (4), pp.311-321.
[4] Pfeiffer, D. A. (2003). Oragnic consumers association: Eating fossil fuels. Retrieved October 1, 2011, from http://www.organicconsumers.org/corp/fossil-fuels.cfm
[5] Bridgewood, L. (2003). Hydroponics: Soilless gardening explained. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Limited
[6] Marginson, S. (2010). Aerofarms urban agriculture system: Less space, less water, and no pesticides. Retrieved September 23, 2011, from http://www.gizmag.com/aerofarms-urban-agriculture/15371/
[7] Brechner M., Both A.J. Cornell Controlled Environment Agriculture. Cornell University; [(accessed on 2 December 2014)]. Hydroponic Lettuce Handbook. Available online: http://www.cornellcea.com/attachments/Cornell CEA Lettuce Handbook.pdf.
[8] Hanson, B.R., R.B. Hutmacher, D.M. May. 2006. Drip irrigation of tomato and cotton under shallow saline ground water conditions. Irrig Drain Systems. 20: 155-175
[9] Hanson, B.R., D.M. May. 2005. Crop evapotranspiration of processing tomato in the San Joaquin Valley of California, USA. Irrig Sci. 24(4): 211-221.
[10] Hanson, B., D. May. 2004. Effect of subsurface drip irrigation on processing tomato yield, water table depth, soil salinity, and profitability. Agric. Water Mgmt. 68: 1-17.
[11] Pardossi, A., F. Tognoni, L. Incrocci. 2004. Mediterranean greenhouse technology. Chron. Hort. 44(2):28-34.
[12] Reina-Sánchez, A., R. Romero-Aranda, J. Cuartero. 2005. Plant water uptake and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato cultivars irrigated with saline water. Agric. Water Mgmt. 78:54-66
[13] Incrocci, L., F. Malorgio, A.D. Bartola, A. Pardossi. 2006. The influence of drip irrigation or subirrigation on tomato grown in closed-loop substrate culture with saline water. Scientia horticulturae. 107:365-372.
[14] Papadopoulos, A.P. 1991. Growing greenhouse tomatoes in soil and in soilless media. Agriculture Canada Publication 1865/E.
[15] Soria, T., Cuartero, J. 1998. Tomato fruit yield and water consumption with salty water irrigation. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 458, 215–220.
[16] Abou-Hadid, A.F., El-Shinawy, M.Z., El-Oksh, I., Gomaa, H., El-Beltagy, A.S., 1994. Studies on water consumption of sweet pepper plant under plastic houses. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 366, 365–372.
[17] Tu¨zel, Y., Ul, M.A., Tu¨zel, I.H. 1994. Effects of different irrigation intervals and rates on spring season glasshouse tomato production: II. Fruit quality. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 366, 389–396.
[18] Snyder, R.G. 1992. Greenhouse Tomato Handbook, Publication No. 1828. Mississippi State University, Cooperative Extension Service, USA, 30 pp.
[19] Van Os, E.A., N.A. Ruijs, P.A. Van WeeI. 1991. Closed business systems for less pollution from greenhouses. Acta Hort. 294: 49-57.
[20] Van Os, E.A. 1995. Engineering and environmental aspects of soilless growing systems. Acta Hort. 396: 25-32.
[21] Bohme, M. 1996. Influence of closed systems on the development of cucumber. ISOSC, Proceedings.75-87.
[22] Gul, A., I.H. Tuzel, O. Tuneay, R.Z. Eltez and E. Zencirklran. 1999. Soilless culture of cucumber in glasshouse: I. A comparison of open and closed systems on growth, yield and quality. Acta hort. 491: 389-394.
[23] Dhakal, U., V. M. Salokhe, H. J. Tatau and J. Max. 2005. Development of a green nutrient recycling system for tomato production in humid tropics. Agriculture Engineering International.Vol. VII, October. http// www.cigrejournal.tamu.edu/s.
[24] Tuzel, I.H., M.E. Irget, A. Gul., O. Tuncay and R.Z. Eltez. 1999. Soilless culture of cucumber in glasshouses: II A Comparison of open and closed systems on water and nutrient consumptions. Acta Hort. 491:395-400.
[25] Van Os, E.A. 1999. Closed Soilless Growing Systems: A Sustainable Solution for Dutch, Greenhouse Horticulture
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Published
2017-01-21
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AlShrouf, A. (2017). Hydroponics, Aeroponic and Aquaponic as Compared with Conventional Farming. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 27(1), 247–255. Retrieved from https://asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/2543
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