A Comparative Study on Changes in Cardiovascular Indices of Cobblestone Workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Keywords:
Cardiovascular indices, Cobblestone workers, Comparative study.Abstract
Cobblestone projets have become good job opportunities for hundred thousands of citizens. However, workers are at risk of health problems due to physical injury and exposure to dust particles during work activities. The study was designed to determine acute and chronic changes in cardiovascular indices of cobblestone workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Comparative cross-sectional study method was applied. Cobblestone workers exposed for one and above years and proportional number of non exposed groups from Addis Ababa University summer non- smoking normal students within the same age range and sex proportion were participated. Acute exposure standard was established on an eight-hour exposure time frame. HR, %SPO2 and ABP were measured before and after a day work exposure, using pulse oxi-meter and sphygmomanometer. The study showed significant change in cardiovascular indices compared with controls. The mean value of %SPO2 was reduced significantly (p=0.03) in exposed groups compared to non exposed groups. The mean value±SD of HR in exposed groups showed very significant increment (p=0.001) and variability was reduced. Both sPB (p=0.006) and dBP (p=0.001) showed very significant increment. From this study, it could be concluded that dust emission during cobblestone work affects the cardiovascular function of cobblestone workers. Acute and chronic exposure to dust for some hours leads to very significant changes in cardiovascular indices. Regular inspection and further study is recommended together with full co-operation among the competent authority, researchers, workers and occupational health professionals.
References
[2] AN Nwibo, EI Ugwuja, NO Nwambeke , Emelum adu, LU Ogbonnaya (2012). Pulmonary Problems among Quarry Workers of Stone Crushing Industria Site at Umuoghara, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The International Journal of Occupa¬tional and Environmental Medicine. vol. 3:pp178-185, Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
[3] Government of Alberta (2009). Human Services. Occupational Health and Safety Bulletin. Crystalline Silica at the Work Site, Chemical Hazards Revised: Available:https://work.alberta.ca/documents/WHS-PUB
[4] Occupational Knowledge International (OKI). (2013) Silica Geary Boulevard, San Francisco,
[5] Ugbogu O.C., Ohakwe J. and Foltescu V. Occurrence of respiratory and skin problems among manual stone-quarrying workers. African Journal of Respiratory Medicine, 2009, pp 23-26
[6] Dino Pisaniello, Michael Tkaczuk and Sharyn Gaskin (2013 April). Evaluation of Dust Inhalation Risk Factors A research study to reduce lung disease risks in SA quarries. Occupational & Environmental Hygiene, Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health, University of Adelaide.
[7] Julius Mwaiselage1,*, Magne Bra? Tveit, Bente Moen and Michael (2005).Variability in Dust Exposure in aCement in Tanzania. British Factory Occupational Hygiene Society, Oxford University Press,; Vol. 49: No. 6: pp511–519
[8] Mahdi Kargarfard, Reza Rouzbahani, Saber Rezanejad, Parinaz Poursafa(2009). The Effect of Air Pollution on Cardiorespiratory Performance of Active Individuals. ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal. 5:2: pp 69-75
[9] Duanping Liao, Yinkang Duan, Eric A. Whitsel, Zhi-jie Zheng, Gerardo Heiss, Vernon M. Chinchilli1, and Hung-Mo Lin (2003,April 7). Association of Higher Levels of Ambient Criteria Pollutants with Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Control: A Population-based Study Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,
[10] Shannon R Magari, Joel Schwartz, Paige L Williams, Russ Hauser, Thomas J Smith, and David C Christiani (2002). The Association of Particulate AirMetal Concentrations with Heart Rate Variability. Environmental Health Perspectives. 110: 9.
[11] Magari, S. and. Christiani D. (2001). Association of heart rate variability with occupational and environmental exposure to particulate air pollution..
[12] Smilee Johncy, K. T. Ajay, G. Dhanyakumar, N. Prabhu Raj, T. Vivian Samuel(2001). Dust Exposure and Lung Function Impairment in Construction Workers. Journal of Physiol Biomed Sci. 1;24:1 pp9-13.
[13] Tsun-Jen Cheng, Jing-Shiang Hwang, Peng-Yau Wang, Chia-Fang Tsai, Chun-Yen Chen, Sheng-Hsiang Lin, and Chang-Chuan Chan (2003). Effects of Concentrated Ambient Particles on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in Pulmonary Hypertensive Rats. Environmental Health Perspectives.; 111:2
[14] Zala Jenko Pražnikar1 , Jure Pražnika(2011). The effects of particulate matter air pollution on respiratory health and on the cardiovascular Syste.
[15] Barreiro T. Timothy J. and Perillow J. (2004) An approach to interpreting spirometry. American academy of physicians. vol. 69: 5
[16] William S. Eckett B.(2000) The New England Journal of Medicine Occupational Respiratory Diseases. Massachusetts Medical Society. Vol. 342: No. 6: 406-413
[17] Department of Environment and Conservation (2011,March). A guideline for managing the impacts of dust and associated contaminants from land development sites, contaminated sites remediation and other related activities.
[18] Trades Union Congress(2011). Dust in the Workplace Guidance for Health and Safety Representatives.
[19]U.S.A department of labor, (2002) Informational fact sheets highlighting Occupational safety and health administrative OSHA: Crystalline Silica exposure health hazard information..
[20] Health and Safety Executive (2011). Work-relate respiratory disease. Available: www.hse.gov.uk/statistics published:. Accessed on May 10, 2013.
[21] Garrett, R. H., and Grisham, C.M.(2002) Principles of Biochemistry with a Human Focus. Brooks/Cole & Thomson Learning,
[22]Lemon DD, Nair PK, Boland EJ, Olson JS, Hellums JD.(1987). Physiological factors affecting O2 transport by hemoglobin in an in vitro capillary system. J Appl Physiol; vol. 62:2:798-806
[23] William E. H. and Alexander Kratz A.(2004 July 22) A 50-Year-Old Woman with Low Oxygen Saturation Engl J Med; 351:380-387
[24] International Labour Organization.(2013, April 28). The Prevention of Occupational Diseases. World Day for Safety and Health at Work
[25] Semple S et al. (2008) Exposure to particulate matter on an Indian stone crushing site. A Seaton1 Occup Environ Med; 65:300–305.
[26] Petr Brhel (2003).Occupational Respiratory Diseases in the Czech Republic. Industrial Health. pp 121–123
[27] Upadhyay Dhungel K, Malhotra V, Sarkar D, Prajapati R.(2008).Effect of alternate nostril breathing exercise on cardiorespiratory functions. Nepal Med Coll J; 10:1: 25-27.
[28] Department of Environment and Conservation.( 2011). A guideline for managing the impacts of dust and associated contaminants from land development sites, contaminated sites remediation and other related activities. Western Austria.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who submit papers with this journal agree to the following terms.
