Perception of Track and Field Athletes on the Use of Cryotherapy in Injury Management in Ashanti Region of Ghana
Keywords:
Perception, Uses of cryotherapy, Athletics, Injury management.Abstract
The use of cryotherapy in injury management (IM) has been widely studied but report on track and field athletes’ (TFAs) perception in Ghana remains scarce. TFAs in Ashanti region of Ghana habitually sustained acute injuries due to competition stressors that typically affect peak performance like in other contact games. Despite been observed that sustained injuries accomplished cryotherapy treatment, TFAs’ visit to non-clinical therapy nonetheless remain prominent. This cross-sectional study therefore documents the perceptions of TFAs on the use cryotherapy in IM. Ninety five [mean age = 22.26±1.10years, 59 (62.1%) males, 36(37.9%) females] TFAs camped at the Babayara Sports stadium Kumasi in preparation for 11th African Games were purposively sampled. Self-structured and validated instrument on the use of cryotherapy in IM was administered to elicit TFAs perceptions. TFAs perceived the use of cryotherapy in IM as significant [F = 788.884, X2 = 404.192, df = 94, p = .000].
Gender influence on TFAs perception of use of cryotherapy in IM was not significantly different. Mainstream significantly professed at least a good feeling (79.0%, X2 = 37.000, p = 000) after receiving cryotherapy treatment. As such, attachement of Physical Therapists to the TFAs training sessions in Ashanti region, provision of enabling environment and equipment to enhance effective IM processes through cryotherapy are strategic approaches advocated.
References
[1] K. L. Knight, Cryotherapy in Sport Injury Management. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1995, p.67-78
[2] B.L. Atnip and J.L. McCrory. “The effect of cryotherapy on three dimensional ankle kinematics during a sidestep cutting maneuver”. J Sports Sci Med., vol. 3(2); pp. 83-90. eCollection Jun 1; 2004.
[3] AA. Algafly and K.P. George. “The Effect of cryotherapy on nerve conduction velocity, pain threshold and pain tolerance”. Br. J. Sports Med., vol. 41, pp. 365–369. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.031237, 2007.
[4] M. Rossato, E. de Souza Bezerra, D.A. de Ceselles Seixas da Silva, T. Avila Santana, W. R. Malezam, F.P. Carpes, “Effects of cryotherapy on muscle damage markers and perception of delayed onset muscle soreness after downhill running: A pilot study” Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, vol. 8 (2), pp. 49-53, June, 2015
[5] C. Swenson, L. Swärd, and J. Karlsson. “Cryotherapy in sports medicine”. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, vol 6, (4), pp.193–200, 1996.
[6] J. Kennet, N. Hardaker, S. Hobbs and J. Selfe, “Cooling efficiency of 4 common Cryotherapeutic agents”. Journal of Athletic Training, vol.42(3). Pp.343–348, 2007.
[7] J.H. Dykstra, H.M. Hill, M.G. Miller, C.C. Cheatham, T.J. Michael, and R.J. Baker, “Comparisons of cubed ice, crushed ice, and wetted ice on intramuscular and surface temperature changes”. Journal of Athletic Training, vol.44 (2), pp. 136–141, 2009.
[8] A.V. Galder, and E.J. Gann, (2015). “Examining the effects of cryotherapy on the rate of perceived exertion” in Proc. International Journal of Exercise Science, 12: Iss. 1, Article 25). Available: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol12/iss1/25 [date assessed: 25/02/2016]
[9] P.C. LaStayo, J.M. Woolf, M.D. Lewek, L. Snyder-Mackler, T. Reich, and S.L. Lindstedt.. “Eccentric muscle contractions: their contribution to injury, prevention, rehabilitation, and sport”. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. vol.33, pp.557-571, 2003
[10] D.D. Arnheim and W.E. Prentice. Principles of Athletic Training. (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1997. pp: 233-240
[11] G.W. Bell and W.E. Prentice, Infrared Modalities (Therapeutic heat and Cold). In W.E. Prentice, (Ed.), Therapeutic Modalities in Sports Medicine. (4th Ed), Boston: WCB McGraw-Hill, 1999, pp. 173-206
[12] D. Saini, “Cryotherapy-an inevitable part of sports medicine and its benefits for sport injury”. IJAR. Vol.1(4), pp. 324-327, 2015.
[13] M.P. Furmanek, K. S?omka, and G. Juras, “The effects of cryotherapy on proprioception system”. BioMed Research International, (Vol. 2014, Article ID: 696397): 14 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/696397
[14] O. Babatunde, A. Owoeye, A.K. Akodu, and B.M. Oladokun, “Incidence and pattern of injuries among adolescent basketball players in Nigeria”. Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Ther. Technol., vol.4(1), pp.1-11, 2012.
[15] A. Murray, and M. Cardinale, “Cold applications for recovery in adolescent athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Extreme Physiology and Medicine, vol 4, pp.17, 2015. DOI: 10.1186/s13728-015-0035-8
[16] M.J. Quod, D.T. Martin and P.B. Laursen, “Cooling athletes before competition in the heat: comparison of techniques and practical considerations”. Sports Medicine, vol. 36(8),pp.671–682, 2006.
[17] A. Jonak and A. Skrzek, “Cryotherapy in athletes’ biological regeneration: Review”. Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica, vol.15, pp.319 –321, 2009.
[18] G. Banfi, G. Lombardi, A. Colombini, and G. Melegati, “Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes”. Sports Medicine, vol. 40 (6), pp.509 –517, 2010.
[19] T.J. Hubbard, S.L. Aronson, and C. R. Denegar, “Does cryotherapy hasten return to participation? A Systematic Review”. J Athl Train., vol. 39(1), pp.88–94, 2004.
[20] J.C. Tee, A.N. Bosch, and M.I. Lambert, “Metabolic consequences of exercise-induced muscle damage”. Sports Med. vol.37, pp,827–836, 2007.
[21] C.M. Bleakley, F. Bieuzen, G.W. Davison, and J.T. Costello, “Whole-body cryotherapy: empirical evidence and theoretical perspectives”. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, vol.5, pp.25–36, 2014. Available: http://doi.org/10.2147/OAJSM.S41655 [date assessed: 16/4/2016]
[22] P.K. Ofori, S. Biddle, and D. Lavallee, “The role of superstition among professional footballers in Ghana”. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sports Psychology, vol.14(2), 2012. Available: http://www.athleticinsight.com/Vol14Iss2/Feature.htm [date assessed: 17/3/2016]
[23] F. Osei, M.O. Moses, and A. K. Boateng, “Clinical and traditional rehabilitation approaches on injured football athletes in Ashanti region”. Italian Journal of Sports Rehabilitation and Posturology, vol. 2(2), pp.242 -253, 2015.
[24] W. Hager, “Some common features and some differences between the parametric anova for repeated measures and the Friedman ANOVA for rank data”. Psychology Science, vol. 49(3), pp.209-222, 2007.
[25] DW. Rivenburg, “Physical modalities in the treatment of tendon injuries”. Clin. Sports Med. vol.11, pp.645-659, 1992.
[26] J.W. Myrer, G. Measom, and G.W. Fellingham, “Temperature changes in the human leg during and after two methods of cryotherapy”. J Athl Train., vol. 33(1), pp.25–29, 1998.
[27] H. Pournot, F. Bieuzen, J. Louis, J.R. Fillard, E. Barbiche, and C. Hausswirth, “Time-course of changes in inflammatory response after whole-body cryotherapy multi exposures following severe exercise”. PLoS ONE, vol.6(7), 2011. e22748. Available: http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022748 [date assessed: 14/6/2016]
[28] G.V. Ramos, C.M. Pinheiro, S.P. Messa, G.B. Delfino, R. de Cássia Marqueti, T. de Fátima Salvini, and J.L.Q, Durigan, “Cryotherapy reduces inflammatory response without altering muscle regeneration process and extracellular matrix remodeling of rat muscle”. Scientific Reports 6, Article number: 18525. 2016. doi:10.1038/srep18525
[29] E. Hohenauer, J. Taeymans, J.P. Baeyens, P. Clarys, and R. Clijsen, “The effect of post-exercise cryotherapy on recovery characteristics: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. PLoS ONE 10(9): 2015. e0139028. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139028
[30] O.A. Gregório, R. Cavalheiro, R. Tirelli, A.R. Fréz, M.B. Ruaro, and J.A. Ruaro, “Influence of cryotherapy application time on skin sensitivity”. Rev.dor. Vol. 15 (1), 2014. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1806-0013.20140003 [date assessed: 17/6/2016]
[31] W. Poppendieck, O. Faude, M. Wegmann, and T. Meyer, “Cooling and performance recovery of trained athletes: a meta-analytical review”. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 8(3), pp. 227–242, 2013.
[32] M.L.P. Domingues, “Cryotherapy and its correlates to functional performance: A brief preview”. Sport Science Review, v ol.XXII (3-4),pp. 229 – 254, 2013. doi: 10.2478/ssr-2013-0012
[33] C.A.A. Lins, L. deB. Macedo, R.A.G. Silveira, D.T. Borges, and J. S. Brasileiro, “Influence of cryotherapy on balance and joint position sense in healthy subjects: randomized clinical trial”. MTP and Rehab. Journal, 13: 013, 2015. doi:10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2015.13.276
[2] B.L. Atnip and J.L. McCrory. “The effect of cryotherapy on three dimensional ankle kinematics during a sidestep cutting maneuver”. J Sports Sci Med., vol. 3(2); pp. 83-90. eCollection Jun 1; 2004.
[3] AA. Algafly and K.P. George. “The Effect of cryotherapy on nerve conduction velocity, pain threshold and pain tolerance”. Br. J. Sports Med., vol. 41, pp. 365–369. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.031237, 2007.
[4] M. Rossato, E. de Souza Bezerra, D.A. de Ceselles Seixas da Silva, T. Avila Santana, W. R. Malezam, F.P. Carpes, “Effects of cryotherapy on muscle damage markers and perception of delayed onset muscle soreness after downhill running: A pilot study” Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, vol. 8 (2), pp. 49-53, June, 2015
[5] C. Swenson, L. Swärd, and J. Karlsson. “Cryotherapy in sports medicine”. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, vol 6, (4), pp.193–200, 1996.
[6] J. Kennet, N. Hardaker, S. Hobbs and J. Selfe, “Cooling efficiency of 4 common Cryotherapeutic agents”. Journal of Athletic Training, vol.42(3). Pp.343–348, 2007.
[7] J.H. Dykstra, H.M. Hill, M.G. Miller, C.C. Cheatham, T.J. Michael, and R.J. Baker, “Comparisons of cubed ice, crushed ice, and wetted ice on intramuscular and surface temperature changes”. Journal of Athletic Training, vol.44 (2), pp. 136–141, 2009.
[8] A.V. Galder, and E.J. Gann, (2015). “Examining the effects of cryotherapy on the rate of perceived exertion” in Proc. International Journal of Exercise Science, 12: Iss. 1, Article 25). Available: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol12/iss1/25 [date assessed: 25/02/2016]
[9] P.C. LaStayo, J.M. Woolf, M.D. Lewek, L. Snyder-Mackler, T. Reich, and S.L. Lindstedt.. “Eccentric muscle contractions: their contribution to injury, prevention, rehabilitation, and sport”. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. vol.33, pp.557-571, 2003
[10] D.D. Arnheim and W.E. Prentice. Principles of Athletic Training. (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1997. pp: 233-240
[11] G.W. Bell and W.E. Prentice, Infrared Modalities (Therapeutic heat and Cold). In W.E. Prentice, (Ed.), Therapeutic Modalities in Sports Medicine. (4th Ed), Boston: WCB McGraw-Hill, 1999, pp. 173-206
[12] D. Saini, “Cryotherapy-an inevitable part of sports medicine and its benefits for sport injury”. IJAR. Vol.1(4), pp. 324-327, 2015.
[13] M.P. Furmanek, K. S?omka, and G. Juras, “The effects of cryotherapy on proprioception system”. BioMed Research International, (Vol. 2014, Article ID: 696397): 14 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/696397
[14] O. Babatunde, A. Owoeye, A.K. Akodu, and B.M. Oladokun, “Incidence and pattern of injuries among adolescent basketball players in Nigeria”. Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Ther. Technol., vol.4(1), pp.1-11, 2012.
[15] A. Murray, and M. Cardinale, “Cold applications for recovery in adolescent athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Extreme Physiology and Medicine, vol 4, pp.17, 2015. DOI: 10.1186/s13728-015-0035-8
[16] M.J. Quod, D.T. Martin and P.B. Laursen, “Cooling athletes before competition in the heat: comparison of techniques and practical considerations”. Sports Medicine, vol. 36(8),pp.671–682, 2006.
[17] A. Jonak and A. Skrzek, “Cryotherapy in athletes’ biological regeneration: Review”. Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica, vol.15, pp.319 –321, 2009.
[18] G. Banfi, G. Lombardi, A. Colombini, and G. Melegati, “Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes”. Sports Medicine, vol. 40 (6), pp.509 –517, 2010.
[19] T.J. Hubbard, S.L. Aronson, and C. R. Denegar, “Does cryotherapy hasten return to participation? A Systematic Review”. J Athl Train., vol. 39(1), pp.88–94, 2004.
[20] J.C. Tee, A.N. Bosch, and M.I. Lambert, “Metabolic consequences of exercise-induced muscle damage”. Sports Med. vol.37, pp,827–836, 2007.
[21] C.M. Bleakley, F. Bieuzen, G.W. Davison, and J.T. Costello, “Whole-body cryotherapy: empirical evidence and theoretical perspectives”. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, vol.5, pp.25–36, 2014. Available: http://doi.org/10.2147/OAJSM.S41655 [date assessed: 16/4/2016]
[22] P.K. Ofori, S. Biddle, and D. Lavallee, “The role of superstition among professional footballers in Ghana”. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sports Psychology, vol.14(2), 2012. Available: http://www.athleticinsight.com/Vol14Iss2/Feature.htm [date assessed: 17/3/2016]
[23] F. Osei, M.O. Moses, and A. K. Boateng, “Clinical and traditional rehabilitation approaches on injured football athletes in Ashanti region”. Italian Journal of Sports Rehabilitation and Posturology, vol. 2(2), pp.242 -253, 2015.
[24] W. Hager, “Some common features and some differences between the parametric anova for repeated measures and the Friedman ANOVA for rank data”. Psychology Science, vol. 49(3), pp.209-222, 2007.
[25] DW. Rivenburg, “Physical modalities in the treatment of tendon injuries”. Clin. Sports Med. vol.11, pp.645-659, 1992.
[26] J.W. Myrer, G. Measom, and G.W. Fellingham, “Temperature changes in the human leg during and after two methods of cryotherapy”. J Athl Train., vol. 33(1), pp.25–29, 1998.
[27] H. Pournot, F. Bieuzen, J. Louis, J.R. Fillard, E. Barbiche, and C. Hausswirth, “Time-course of changes in inflammatory response after whole-body cryotherapy multi exposures following severe exercise”. PLoS ONE, vol.6(7), 2011. e22748. Available: http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022748 [date assessed: 14/6/2016]
[28] G.V. Ramos, C.M. Pinheiro, S.P. Messa, G.B. Delfino, R. de Cássia Marqueti, T. de Fátima Salvini, and J.L.Q, Durigan, “Cryotherapy reduces inflammatory response without altering muscle regeneration process and extracellular matrix remodeling of rat muscle”. Scientific Reports 6, Article number: 18525. 2016. doi:10.1038/srep18525
[29] E. Hohenauer, J. Taeymans, J.P. Baeyens, P. Clarys, and R. Clijsen, “The effect of post-exercise cryotherapy on recovery characteristics: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. PLoS ONE 10(9): 2015. e0139028. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139028
[30] O.A. Gregório, R. Cavalheiro, R. Tirelli, A.R. Fréz, M.B. Ruaro, and J.A. Ruaro, “Influence of cryotherapy application time on skin sensitivity”. Rev.dor. Vol. 15 (1), 2014. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1806-0013.20140003 [date assessed: 17/6/2016]
[31] W. Poppendieck, O. Faude, M. Wegmann, and T. Meyer, “Cooling and performance recovery of trained athletes: a meta-analytical review”. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 8(3), pp. 227–242, 2013.
[32] M.L.P. Domingues, “Cryotherapy and its correlates to functional performance: A brief preview”. Sport Science Review, v ol.XXII (3-4),pp. 229 – 254, 2013. doi: 10.2478/ssr-2013-0012
[33] C.A.A. Lins, L. deB. Macedo, R.A.G. Silveira, D.T. Borges, and J. S. Brasileiro, “Influence of cryotherapy on balance and joint position sense in healthy subjects: randomized clinical trial”. MTP and Rehab. Journal, 13: 013, 2015. doi:10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2015.13.276
Downloads
Published
2017-02-28
How to Cite
Moses, M. O., Sarpong, P. A., Segede, J. K., Appiah, E. J., Osei, F., & Akwa, L. G. (2017). Perception of Track and Field Athletes on the Use of Cryotherapy in Injury Management in Ashanti Region of Ghana. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 28(1), 215–224. Retrieved from https://asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/2630
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Authors who submit papers with this journal agree to the following terms.
