CFD Based Improvement of the DLN Hydrogen Micromix Combustion Technology at Increased Energy Densities
Keywords:
Micromix Combustion, Hydrogen Gas Turbine, DLN combustion, Hydrogen Combustion, High Hydrogen Combustion.
Abstract
Combined with the use of renewable energy sources for its production, Hydrogen represents a possible alternative gas turbine fuel within future low emission power generation. Due to the large difference in the physical properties of Hydrogen compared to other fuels such as natural gas, well established gas turbine combustion systems cannot be directly applied for Dry Low NOx (DLN) Hydrogen combustion. Thus, the development of DLN combustion technologies is an essential and challenging task for the future of Hydrogen fuelled gas turbines. The DLN Micromix combustion principle for hydrogen fuel has been developed to significantly reduce NOx-emissions. This combustion principle is based on cross-flow mixing of air and gaseous hydrogen which reacts in multiple miniaturized diffusion-type flames. The major advantages of this combustion principle are the inherent safety against flash-back and the low NOx-emissions due to a very short residence time of reactants in the flame region of the micro-flames. The Micromix Combustion technology has been already proven experimentally and numerically for pure Hydrogen fuel operation at different energy density levels. The aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of different geometry parameter variations on the flame structure and the NOx emission and to identify the most relevant design parameters, aiming to provide a physical understanding of the Micromix flame sensitivity to the burner design and identify further optimization potential of this innovative combustion technology while increasing its energy density and making it mature enough for real gas turbine application. The study reveals great optimization potential of the Micromix Combustion technology with respect to the DLN characteristics and gives insight into the impact of geometry modifications on flame structure and NOx emission. This allows to further increase the energy density of the Micromix burners and to integrate this technology in industrial gas turbines.References
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[13] H. H.-W. Funke, E. Recker, S. Börner, W. Bosschaerts, LES of Jets In Cross-Flow and Application to the Micromix Hydrogen Combustion, in: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Air Breathing Engine, ISABE-2009-1309, Montreal, Canada, 2009.
[14] A. Haj Ayed, K. Kusterer, H. H.-W. Funke, C. Striegan, D. Bohn: Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the DLN Hydrogen Micromix Combustion Chamber of an Industrial Gas Turbine, Journal of Propulsion and Power Research, Volume 4, Issue 3, p123-p131, Elsevier, 2015
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[2] G. Dahl, F. Suttrop, Engine Control and Low-NOx Combustion for Hydrogen Fuelled Aircraft Gas Turbines, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 23 (1998) 695-704.
[3] G. Dahl, R. Dorneiski, Low NOx-Potential of Hydrogen-Fuelled Gas Turbine Engines, in: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Combustion Technologies for Clear Environment, Villamoura, Portugal, 3-6 September 1991.
[4] H. H.-W. Funke, S. Börner, P. Hendrick, E. Recker, Modification and testing of an engine and fuel control system for a hydrogen fuelled gas turbine, in: Progress in Propulsion Physics Vol. III, 2009.
[5] H. H.-W. Funke, S. Börner, P. Hendrick, E. Recker, Control System Modifications for a Hydrogen Fuelled Gas-Turbine, in: 13th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, 2010.
[6] H. H.-W. Funke, S. Börner, P. Hendrick, E. Recker, R. Elsing, Development and integration of a scalable low NOx combustion chamber for a hydrogen fuelled aero gas turbine, in: Proceedings of the 4th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences, 2011, accepted for: Advances in Propulsion Physics.
[7] S. Börner, H. H.-W. Funke, F. Falk, P. Hendrick, Control system modifications and their effects on the operation of a hydrogen-fueled Auxiliary Power Unit, in: Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Air Breathing Engines, 2011.
[8] F. Shum, J. Ziemann, Potential use of hydrogen in air propulsion, Euro-Québec Hydro-Hydrogen Pilot Project (EQHHPP), European Union, Contract No. 4541-91-11 EL ISP PC, Final Report, 1996.
[9] A. Westenberger, Liquid Hydrogen Fuelled Aircraft – System Analysis, CRYOPLANE, European Commission Final Technical Report No. GRD1-1999-10014, 2003.
[10] H. H.-W. Funke, S. Börner, J. Keinz, P. Hendrick, E. Recker, Low NOx Hydrogen combustion chamber for industrial gas turbine applications, in: Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, Honolulu, Hawaii, 2012.
[11] H. H.-W. Funke, S. Börner, J. Keinz, K. Kusterer, D. Kroniger, J. Kitajima, M. Kazari, A. Horikawa, Numerical and experimental characterization of low NOx Micromix combustion principle for industrial hydrogen gas turbine applications, ASME Turbo Expo 2012, GT2012-69421, Copenhagen, DK, 2012.
[12] H. H.-W. Funke, S. Börner, A. Robinson, P. Hendrick, E. Recker, Low NOx H2 combustion for industrial gas turbines of various power ranges, in: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference the Future of Gas Turbine Technology, ETN-2010-42, Brussels, Belgium, 2010.
[13] H. H.-W. Funke, E. Recker, S. Börner, W. Bosschaerts, LES of Jets In Cross-Flow and Application to the Micromix Hydrogen Combustion, in: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Air Breathing Engine, ISABE-2009-1309, Montreal, Canada, 2009.
[14] A. Haj Ayed, K. Kusterer, H. H.-W. Funke, C. Striegan, D. Bohn: Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the DLN Hydrogen Micromix Combustion Chamber of an Industrial Gas Turbine, Journal of Propulsion and Power Research, Volume 4, Issue 3, p123-p131, Elsevier, 2015
[15] A. Haj Ayed, K. Kusterer, H. H.-W. Funke, C. Striegan, D. Bohn: Improvement Study for the dry-low-NOx hydrogen Micromix Combustion Technology, Journal of Propulsion and Power Research, Volume 4, Issue 3, p132-p140, Elsevier, 2015
[16] H. H.-W. Funke, J. Keinz, K. Kusterer, A. Haj Ayed, M. Kazari, J. Kitajima, A. Horikawa, K. Okada, Experimental and Numerical Study on Optimizing the DLN Micromix Hydrogen Combustion Principle for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications, ASME Turbo Expo 2015, GT2015-42043, Montréal, Canada, 2015.
[17] CD-adapco, User guide Star-CCM+ 9.02. CD-adapco, 2014
Published
2016-11-29
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