Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Keywords:
Brucellosis, seroprevalence, risk factors, cattle, production systems, Arsi zone, Ethiopia.Abstract
A total of 756 cattle sera from 74 herds of intensive (dairy) and extensive (mixed crop-livestock) production systems were collected and serially tested by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBT) and by Complement Fixation Test (CFT) between November 2009 and March 2010 in Arsi Zone of Ethiopia with objective of determining seroprevalence and risk factors. The overall herd and animal level seroprevalences were 9.5% and 2.6%, respectively. Herd level seroprevalences were 40% (n=5) in intensive system and 7.3% (n=69) in extensive system. Animal level and within-herd range of brucellosis seroprevalence in cattle under intensive system were 4.4% (n=274) and 0.0 - 7.5%, while for those in extensive system were 1.7% (n=482) and 0.0 - 30%, respectively. Binary logistic regression showed both herd and animal level seroprevalence to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in intensive than in extensive system. The statistical significant difference observed between production systems in this study implied different control strategies need to be addressed in Arsi zone. Thus, implementing a culling practice in the extensive system to eliminate the existing low risk of brucellosis and targeting calves in the intensive system for vaccination in addition to culling reactors could minimize the economic loss and reduce the potential occupational exposures in particular.
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