Accumulation and Tissue Distribution of Domoic Acid in the Common Cuttlefish, Sépia Officinalis from the South Moroccan Coast.

Authors

  • Asia Ben haddouch Quality and Safety Department of Marine Environment, National Fisheries Research Institute(INRH), Bd Sidi Abderrahmane, Ouled Jmal, 20050 Casablanca, Morocco.
  • Hamid Taleb Fisheries Department, National Fisheries Research Institute (INRH), Bd Sidi Abderrahman, Ouled Jmal, 20050 Casablanca, Morocco
  • Hind Elmortaji Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Samir Ben Brahim Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Btissam Ennafah Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Khalid Menchih Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Abdeltif Boumaz Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Fatima Mzaki Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Asmaa Radi Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.
  • Mohamed Loutfi Laboratory Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Km 8, Route d’El Jadida, BP 5366, Maârif. Casablanca. Morocco.

Keywords:

Domoic acid, Sepia officinalis, Amnesic shellfish poisoning.

Abstract

Domoic acid (DA) is a phycotoxin produced by some diatoms, mainly from the Pseudo-nitzschia genus, and has been detected throughout the marine food web. In Morocco, many mollusc species are subject to regular monitoring of levels of contamination by toxins via Network Observation of the safety of the Moroccan coast (RSSL) implemented by National Fisheries Research Institute (INRH). Among these toxins, AD which has been frequently found in the bivalve molluscs, little known about DA accumulation  in cephalopod.This study presents the first data showing concentrations of DA that exceed health limits detected in the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis from the south Atlantic coast of Morocco.  Domoic acid was found throughout 2014 and 2015 in the digestive gland and flesh of cuttlefish reaching concentrations of 50 mg DA kg-1. The highest DA values  were  detected during autumn month. Evaluation of DA tissue distribution showed elevated DA concentrations in the digestive gland. The common cuttlefish, like other cephalopod species, plays a central position in the food web and might be a new DA vector to top predators like marine mammals.  Human intoxications are not expected as long as DA was only detected in the flesh at levels (16 mg DA kg-1) not exceed regulatory value. However, in some countries, whole juvenile animals are consumed (without evisceration), and in this case they might represent a risk to human health as the AD accumulation is more significant in the digestive gland than in the flesh. This study reveals a new member of the marine food web able to accumulate DA in Morocco.

References

[1] E. Boucaud-Camou, R. Boucher-Rodoni, K. Mangold. “Digestive absorption in Octopus vulgaris (Cephalopoda, Octopoda)”, J. Zool, 179, 261-271. 1976.
[2] R. Boucher-Rodoni, K. Mangold. “Experimental study of digestion in Octopus vulgaris (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)”. J. Zool.183, 505-515, 1977.
[3] R.K. O’Dor, M.J. Weber. “Energy and nutrient flow”. In: Boyle P.R. (Ed.) Cephalopod life cycles. Comparative reviews, Vol.2. London, Academic Press, 1987, pp. 109-133.
[4] K. Mangold. “Food, feeding and growth in cephalopods”. Mem. Nat. Mus. Victoria 44, 81-93, 1983a.
[5] P. Sánchez. “Régime alimentaire d’Eledone cirrosa (Lamarck, 1798) (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) dans la mer Catalane”. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer. Médit. 27, 209-212, 1981.
[6] P.R. Boyle. “A descriptive ecology of Eledone cirrhosa (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in Scottish waters”. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 66, 855- 865, 1986.
[7] M.S.Grisley, P.R. Boyle, G.J. Pierce, L.N. Key., “Factors affecting prey handling in lesser octopus (Eledone cirrhosa) feeding on crabs (Carcinus maenas)”. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 79, 1085-1090, 1999.
[8] P Vale, M.A.M. Sampayo. “Domoic acid in Portuguese shellfish and fish”. Toxicon 39, 893-904, 2001.
[9] P.R. Costa, S. Rodrigues, M.J. Botelho, M.A.M. Sampayo. “A potential vector of domic acid: the swimming crab Polybius henslowii Leach (Decapoda–Brachyura)”. Toxicon 42, 135–141, 2003.
[10] P.R. Costa, R. Rosa, M.A.M. Sampayo. “Tissue distribution of the amnesic shellfish toxin, domoic acid, in Octopus vulgaris from the Portuguese coast”. Mar. Biol. 144, 971-976. 2004.
[11] T.M. Perl, L. Bédard, T. Kosatsky, J.C. Hockin, EC. Todd, RS. Remis. “An outbreak of toxic encephalopathy caused by eating mussels contaminated with domoic acid”.N Engl J Med. 21; 322 (25):1775-80, Jun 1990.
[12] INRH. “ Bulletin de surveillance sanitaire des zones de production conchylicoles de l’année 2014”. Rapport annuel. 69 p. Jan 2015
[13] E.C.D.Todd. “Domoic acid and amnesic shellfish poisoning – a review”. J. Food Protect. 56, 69–83, 1993.
[14] F.W. Berman, T.F. Murray. “Domoic acid neurotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule neurons is mediated predominantly by NMDA receptors that are activated as a consequence of excitatory amino acid release”.
J Neurochem. Aug; 69(2):693-703, 1997.
[15] S.S Bates. “Domoic-acid-producing diatoms: another genus added!” J. Phycol. 36, 978–985, 2000.
[16] N. Lundholm, Ø. Moestrup, G.R. Hasle, K. Hoef-Emden. “A study of the Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima/cuspidata complex (Bacillariophycea): What is P. pseudodelicatissima?” J. Phycol.
39, 797–813, 2004.
[17] F. Cerino, L. Orsini, D. Sarno, C. Dell’Aversano, L. Tartaglione, A.Zingon,. “The alternation of different morphotypes in the seasonal cycle of toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia galaxiae”. Harmful Algae 4, 33–48, 2005.
[18] C.A.Scholin “et al.” “Mortality of sea lions along the central California coast linked to a toxic diatom bloom”. Nature 403, 80–84, 2000.
[19] K.A.,Lefebvre, S. Bargu, T. Kieckhefer, M.W. Silver From “303 Mar Ecol Prog Ser 345: 293–304, 2007 sanddabs to blue whales. the pervasiveness of domoic acid”. Toxicon 40(7), 971–977, 2002a.
[20] A. Sierra Beltr´an, M. Palafox-Uribe, J. Grajales-Montiel, A. Cruz-Villacorta, J.L. Ochoa. “Sea bird mortality at Cabo San Lucas, Mexico: evidence that toxic diatom blooms are spreading”. Toxicon 35, 447–453. 1997.
[21] K.A. Lefebvre “et al.” “Detection of domoic acid in northern anchovies and California sea lions associated with an unusual mortality event”. Nat. Toxins 7, 85–92. 1999.
[22] K.A. Lefebvre, S. Bargu,T. Kieckhefer, M. Silver. “From sanddabs to blue whales: the pervasiveness of domoic acid”. Toxicon 40, 971–977, 2002b
[23] J.A. Lincoln, J.T. Turner, S.S. Bates, C. L´eger, D.A. Gauthier. “Feeding, egg production and egg hatching success of the copepods Acartia tonsa and Temora longicornis on diets of the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and the nontoxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschiapungens”. Hydrobiologia 453, 107–120, 2001.
[24] S. Bargu, C.L. Powell, S.L. Coale, M. Busman, G.J. Doucette, M.W. Silver. “Krill: A potential vector for domoic acid in marine food webs”. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 237, 209–216, 2002.
[25] P.R. Costa, R. Rosa, A.V. Duarte-Silva Brotas, M.A.M. Sampayo. “Accumulation, transformation and tissue distribution of domoic acid, the amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin, in the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis”. Aquat. Toxicol. 74, 82-91, 2005.
[26] S. Boletzky. “Sepia officinalis”. In: Boyle, P.R. (Ed.), Cephalopod Life Cycles, vol. 1. Academic Press, London, 1983, pp. 31–52.
[27] A . Guerra, B.G. Castro,. “On the life cycle of Sepia officinalis (Cephalopoda: Sepioidea) in the ria de Vigo (NW Spain)”. Cah. Biol. Mar.29, 395 – 405, 1988.
[28] M.A. Quilliam, M. Xie, W.R. Hardstaff, “Rapid extraction and cleanup for liquid chromatographic determination of domoic acid in unsalted seafood”. J. AOAC Int. 78, 543-554, 1995.
[29] J.L.C. Wright “et al.” “Identification of domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid, in toxic mussels from eastern Prince Edward Island”. Can. J. Chem. 67, 481-490, 1989.
[30] I.Novaczek, M.S. Madhyastha, R.F. Ablett, G. Johnson, M.S. Nijjar, D.E. Sims, “Uptake, disposition and depuration of domoic acid by blue mussels (Mytilus edulis)”. Aquat. Toxicol. 21, 103–118, 1991.
[31] S.E. Shumway. “Phycotoxin-related shellfish poisoning: bivalve molluscs are not the only vectors”. Rev. Fish. Sci. 3, 1–31, 1995.
[32] V.M. Bricelj, S.E. Shumway. “Paralytic shellfish toxins in bivalve molluscs: occurrence, transfer kinetics, and biotransformation”. Rev. Fish. Sci. 6, 315 –383, 1998.
[33] F.F. Arévalo, M. Bermúdez, C. Salgado. “ASP toxicity in scallops: individual variability and tissue distribution”. In: Reguera B., Blanco J., Fernández M.L.,Wyatt T. (Eds.) Harmful algae. Xunta de Galicia and the IOC of UNESCO, Paris, 1998, pp. 499 -502.
[34] D.A. Campbell, M.S. Kelly, M. Busman, C.J. Bolch, E. Wiggins, P.D.R. Moeller, S.L. Morton, P. Hess, S.E. Shumway. “Amnesic shellfish poisoning in the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from the west coast of Scotland”. J. Shellfish Res. 20, 75–84, 2001.
[35] R.Boucher-Rodoni, K. Mangold. “Experimental study of digestion in Octopus vulgaris (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)”. J. Zool. 183, 505-515, 1977.
[36] J.M. Semmens 2002, “Changes in the digestive gland of the loliginid squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana (Lesson, 1830) associated with feeding”. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 274, 19-39.
[37] R. Rosa, P.R. Costa, M.L. Nunes. “Effect of sexual maturation on the tissue biochemical composition of Octopus vulgaris and O. defilippi (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)”. Mar. Biol. 145, 563–574, 2004.
[38] INRH . « Suivi de l’état de stock de céphalopode dans les côtes marocaines ». Rapport interne. 24 avril au 13 Mai 2015.
[39] F. Abrantes, M.T. Moita. “Water column and recent sediment data on diatoms and cocolithophorids, off Portugal, confirm sediment record upwelling events”. Oceanol. Acta 22, 319–336, 1999.
[40] M.T. Moita. "Estrutura, variabilidade e dinâmica do fitoplâncton na costa de Portugal continental ». Ph.D. Thesis. 2001. University of Lisbon.
[41] R. Boucher-Rodoni, E. Boucaud-Camou, K. Mangold 1987, “Feeding and digestion”. In: Boyle P.R. (Eds.) Cephalopod Life Cycles. Comparative Reviews. London, Academic Press, Vol. 2, 1987, pp. 85-108.
[42] B.G. Castro, A. Guerra, 1989. “Feeding pattern of Sepia officinalis (Cephalopoda: Sepiodidea) in the Ria de Vigo (NW Spain)”. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK 69, 545–553.
[43] B.G. Castro, A. Guerra. “The diet of Sepia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Sepia elegans (D’Orbigny, 1835) (Cephalopoda: Sepioidea) from the R´?a de Vigo (NW Spain)”. Sci. Mar. 54, 375–388, 1990.
[44] G. Pinczon du Sel, A. Blanc, J. Daguzan. “The diet of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis L (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) during its life cycle in the Northern Bay of Biscay (France)”. Aquat. Sci. 61, 167–178, 2000.
[45] J. Quintela, J.P.Andrade. “Diel feeding rhythms, daily ration and gastric evacuation rates of Sepia officinalis in the Ria Formosa lagoon (South Portugal)”. Bull. Mar. Sci.71, 665–680, 2002.
[46] F. Mzaki, O. Tazi, H. Menchih “Régime alimentaire de la seiche commune Sepia officinalis dans l’Atlantique sud Marocain » , in Proc. Première Edition des Journées Doctorales Science et Technique, Errachidia, Maroc, 2015.
[47] Q. Dortch, R. Robichaux, S. Pool, D. Milsted, G. Mire, N.N. Rabalais, T.M. Soniat, G.A. Fryxell, R.E. Turner, M.L. Parsons. “Abundance and vertical flux of Pseudo-nitzschia in the northern Gulf of Mexico”. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 146, 249–264, 1997.
[48] M.L.Parsons, Q. Dortch, R.E.Turner. “Sedimentological evidence of an increase in Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) abundance in response to coastal eutrophication. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47, 551–558, 2002.
[49] C.Le Pabic, C. Caplat, J. P. Lehodey, T. Milinkovitch, N. Kouéta, R. P. Cosson, P. Bustamant,. “Trace metal concentrations in post-hatching cuttlefish Sepia officinalis and consequences of dissolved zinc exposure.Aquatic” Toxicology, 159, 23-35, 2015.
[50] P. Miramand, D. Bentley. “Concentration and distribution of heavy metals in tissues of two cephalopods, Eledone cirrhosa and Sepia officinalis, from the French coast of the English channel”. Mar. Biol. 114, 407–414, 1992.
[51] J.C. Guary, J.J.W. Higgo, R.D. Cherry, M. Heyraud.. “High concentrations of transuranics and natural radioactive elements 90 P.R. Costa et al. / Aquatic Toxicology 74 (2005) 82–91 in the branchial hearts of the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris”. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 4, 123–126, 1981.
[52] K. Beuerlein, S. L¨orh, B. Westermann, P. Ruth, R. Schipp, “Components of the cellular defense and detoxification system of the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Tissue. 34, 390-396, 2002.
[53] A. Robertson, D. Stirling, C. Robillot, L. Llewllyn, A. Negri. “First report of saxitoxin in octopi”. Toxicon 44, 765-771, 2004.

Downloads

Published

2016-01-15

How to Cite

Ben haddouch, A., Taleb, H., Elmortaji, H., Ben Brahim, S., Ennafah, B., Menchih, K., Boumaz, A., Mzaki, F., Radi, A., & Loutfi, M. (2016). Accumulation and Tissue Distribution of Domoic Acid in the Common Cuttlefish, Sépia Officinalis from the South Moroccan Coast. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 15(1), 252–264. Retrieved from https://asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/1264